Silver, mercurous, and plumbous ions have been designated as the Group I Cations. This reaction of thisgroup of ions with chloride ions allows them to be separated from all othermetal ions. The reactions are conducted inacidic solution, to avoid the possibility that these and other metal ionsmight be precipitated as hydroxides or oxides. The remaining solid can be washed with distilledwater so that the ONLY metal ions that remain are Ag +, Hg 2 2 + ,and Pb 2 +. If this solution is centrifuged to collect thesolid material at the bottom of a test tube, the supernatant liquid canbe removed (decanted). Thisprecipitate will contain AgCl(s), Hg 2Cl 2(s), andPbCl 2(s). If a dilutesolution of HCl is added to a solution containing ALL of the common metal ions, a white precipitate will be formed.
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